Transitions

In the reading order of a publication, Link Objects may contain the following additional properties:

Key	Semantics	Type	Values
transitionForward	Describes the transition to be applied when moving FROM the previous resource TO current resource in reading order	Transition Object	See Transition Object
transitionBackward	Describes the transition to be applied when moving FROM the current resource TO the previous resource in reading order	Transition Object	See Transition Object

transitionForward, transitionBackward

Keep in mind that a forward transition is placed on the TARGET resource of the transition.

The Transition Object

This specification defines the following keys for this JSON object:

Key	Definition	Format	Required?
type	Type of transition	cut, dissolve, slide-in, slide-out, push, animation	Yes
direction	Direction of a slide-in, slide-out or push transition	ltr, rtl, ttb, btt	Yes if the type is slide-in, slide-out or push.
sequence	Sequence of images which create an animation	Array of URIs	No
file	Video file which creates an animation	URI	No
duration	The duration of the transition in milliseconds	Integer	No

type

Value	Definition
cut	the new resource immediately replaces the current one; this transition does not need a duration and is only useful when continuous=true, as a way to specify an explicit cut (“page change”) between two resources.
dissolve	the new resource appears above the current one, with opacity increasing from 0 to 1.
slide-in	the new resource appears above the current one, and moves into the viewport to cover it.
slide-out	the next resource is placed below the current one, which moves out of the viewport.
push	the next resource moves into the viewport while the current one moves out of it, revealing the next one below.
animation	the next resource appears after playing a sequence of images or a video.

If the transition type is animation, either a file or a sequence property must be specified.

direction

Value	Definition
ltr	the new image comes from the left (whether the transition is forward or backward).
rtl	the new image comes from the right.
ttb	the new image comes from the top .
ltr	the new image comes from the bottom.

Note: Usually, if the reading progression is ltr, forward transitions will be rtl. Also, the reverse of an rtl slide-in is an ltr slide-out.

sequence

Only used when the type is animation, the value of the sequence property is an array of Link Objects pointing to bitmap images displayed before the next resource appears.

Each image in the array is a frame displayed for a slice of duration divided by the number of images of the sequence.

file

Only used when the type is animation, the value of the file property is a Link Object pointing to a video to be played before the next resource appears.

duration

Duration (in ms) can apply to any type of transition.

Appendix A. Examples

Example: This example features transitions. A slide-in btt from image1 to image2 with a backward slide-out ttb from image2 to image1; an image sequence from image2 to image3 with no backward transition; a video from image 3 to image 4 with no backward transition.

{
  "metadata": {
    "readingProgression": "ttb",
    "presentation": {
      "overflow": "scrolled",
      "continuous": true,
      "fit": "width"
    }
  },
  "readingOrder": [
    {
      "href": "./content/image1.png",
      "type": "image/png"
    },
    {
      "href": "./content/image2.png",
      "type": "image/png",
      "properties": {
        "transitionForward": {
          "type": "slide-in",
          "direction": "btt"
        },
        "transitionBackward": {
          "type": "slide-out",
          "direction": "ttb"
        }
      }
  	},
   {
     "href": "./content/image3.png",
     "type": "image/png",
     "properties": {
       "transitionForward": {
         "type": "animation",
         "sequence": [
           {
             "href": "./content/tr3-1.png",
             "type": "image/png"
            },
            {
              "href": "./content/tr3-2.png",
              "type": "image/png"
            },
            {
              "href": "./content/tr3-3.png",
              "type": "image/png"
            },
            {
              "href": "./content/tr3-4.png",
              "type": "image/png"
            },
            {
              "href": "./content/tr3-5.png",
              "type": "image/png"
            }
          ],
          "duration": 500
        }
      }
    },
    {
      "href": "./content/image4.png",
      "type": "image/png",
      "properties": {
        "transitionForward": {
          "type": "animation",
          "file": {
            "href": "./content/tr4.mp4",
            "type": "video/mp4"
          },
          "duration": 1000
        }
      }
    }
  ]
}

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